What is DevOps?
DevOps is a set of practices that combines software development and IT operations. It aims to shorten the systems development life cycle and provide continuous delivery with high software quality. DevOps is complementary to agile software development; several DevOps aspects came from the agile way of working.
Why DevOps?
DevOps—the amalgamation of development (Dev) and operations (Ops) teams—is an organizational approach that enables faster development of applications and easier maintenance of existing deployments. By enabling organizations to create stronger bonds between Dev, Ops, and other stakeholders in the company, DevOps promotes shorter, more controllable iterations through the adoption of best practices, automation, and new tools. DevOps is not a technology per se, but it covers everything from the organization to culture, processes, and tooling. Initial steps usually include Continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD), real-time monitoring, incident response systems, and collaboration platforms.
DevOps adoption is growing rapidly. IDC forecasts the worldwide DevOps software market to reach $6.6 billion in 2022, up from $2.9 billion in 2017. The forces driving DevOps adoption include enterprise investments in software-driven innovation, adoption of microservices-based architectures and associated development methodologies, and increased investment by CTOs and CEOs in collaborative and automated application development and operational processes, says IDC analyst Stephen Elliot.
A multi-year analysis in the annual Accelerate State of DevOps Report has found that top-performing DevOps organizations do far better on software development/deployment speed and stability, and also achieve the key operational requirement of ensuring that their product or service is available to end users. But given the somewhat fuzzy definition of DevOps, how can an organization determine if its DevOps initiative is paying off? The 2019 Accelerate report also names five performance metrics—lead time (i.e., the time it takes to go from code committed to code successfully running in production), deployment frequency, change fail, time to restore, and availability—that deliver a high-level view of software delivery and performance, and predict the likelihood of DevOps success.
Challenges in DevOps :
DevOps initiatives face other obstacles as well. Given the significant organizational and IT changes involved—with previously siloed teams joining forces, changing job roles, and encountering other transitions— adjustments will take time. According to a survey of IT executives from software company Pensa, the top challenges to DevOps success are:
Limited budgets (cited by 19.7% of respondents)
Legacy systems (17.2%)
Application complexity (12.8%)
Difficulty managing multiple environments (11.3%)
Company culture (9.4%)
Now DevOps going to decrease its rise due to the failure of some goals set by organizations.DevOps efforts can be mired in complexity. IT leaders may have difficulty articulating the business value of their work to key executives.
The Future of DevOps:
Automation Will Play a Major Role:
Automation will continue to play a major role in DevOps transformation, and artificial intelligence for IT operations—AIOps—will help organizations achieve their DevOps goals. The core elements of AIOps—machine learning, performance baselining, anomaly detection, automated root cause analysis (RCA), and predictive insights—work together to accelerate routine operational tasks. This emerging technology, which can transform how IT operations teams manage alerts and resolve issues, will be a crucial component of the future of DevOps.
AIOps Will Make Service Uptime Easier to Achieve:
AIOps' automation capabilities can make service uptime much easier to achieve, from monitoring to alerting to remediation. And AIOps is a boon for DevOps teams, who can use AIOps tools for real-time analysis of event streams, proactive detection to reduce downtime, improved collaboration, faster deployments, and more.AIOps is the increasing trend tool that will make DevOps easier and more work efficient.
Cloud Optimization:
The future of DevOps will also bring a greater focus on optimizing the use of cloud technologies. The centralized nature of the cloud provides DevOps automation with a standard platform for testing, deployment, and production notes Deloitte Consulting analyst David Linthicum.
And regardless of what advanced technologies the future brings, organizations will need to realize that DevOps is all about the journey and that the organization's DevOps-related goals and expectations will evolve.
DevOps Tools:
1.Git (GitLab, GitHub, Bitbucket):
Git is perhaps the best and most widely used version control tool in a development era characterized by dynamism and collaboration.
The Git DevOps tool is easy to implement as it is compatible with most protocols including HTTP, SSH, and FTP. It offers the best advantage for non-linear shared-repository development projects, unlike most other centralized version control tools. This makes it a good deal for mission-critical software.
Git features three storage tools including, GitHub and GitLab cloud-hosted code repository services as well as BitBucket the source code hosting service. Of the three, GitLab and BitBucket are specifically designed for enterprise-range version co.
2. Maven:
Maven is one of the important DevOps tools for building projects. Unlike the ANT build system, Apache Maven is more than just an automation build framework. It is also designed to manage reporting, documentation, distribution, releases, and dependencies processes. Written in Java language, Maven can build and manage projects written in Java or C#, Ruby, Scala, and other languages using project object model (POM) plugins.
Maven offers a host of benefits to its users. It eases the build and monitoring process through automation and maintains a uniform build process allowing for consistency and efficiency. This tool also offers comprehensive project information through quality documentation, a valuable resource for the development of best practices hence the name Maven, translated from the Yiddish language to mean accumulator of knowledge.
3. Jenkins:
Jenkins is an integration DevOps tool. For continuous integration (CI), Jenkins stands out as it is designed for both internal and plugin extensions. Jenkins is an open-source Java-based automation CI server that is supported by multiple operating systems including Windows, macOS, and other Unix OSs. Jenkins can also be deployed on cloud-based platforms. Jenkins is compatible with most CI/CD integration tools and services thanks to the over 1,500 plugins available to provide integration points for delivering customized functionality during software development.
4. Chef:
Chef, an open-source framework, uses a master-agent model and has infrastructure as code (IAC) capabilities to automate the configuration of infrastructure.
5. Puppet:
Puppet is also open-source and uses declarative programming for system configuration, deployments, and server management DevOps tools. It is organized into reusable modules for the speedy setup of pre-configured servers and is compatible with most platforms. Like Chef, it also uses IAC, adopts a master-slave architecture, and features an intuitive user interface for ease of real-time reporting, node management, and several other tasks.
6. Ansible
Ansible is an open-source CM DevOps tool that is also used for deployment, automation, and orchestration. While Ansible leverages infrastructure as a code architecture, it uses SSH connection for its push nodes thus agentless. Of the three, Ansible is considered easy to learn and use as its Playbooks are written in YAML with minimal commands and are readable by humans.
7. Docker :
The Docker engine is designed to automate the development, deployment, and management of containerized applications on single nodes. Docker is open-source and compatible with cloud services like AWS, GCP, and Azure Cloud. Docker also runs on Windows and Linux operating systems.
8. Kubernetes:
Kubernetes, on the other hand, is an automation orchestration platform that enables developers to run containerized applications across Kubernetes clusters referring to a group of nodes. Developers harness Kubernetes to automate such processes as container configuration, scaling, networking, security, and more to achieve speed and efficiency in production.
9. AWS Cloud Computing and Storage in DevOps:
AWS features the widest range of service offerings under PaaS, SaaS, and IaaS categories including compute, identity and access management (ACM), networking, and storage. While AWS offers public, private, and hybrid clouds, its focus is more on the public cloud.
10. Civo:
It is an open-source cloud service provider. It is the cheapest cloud service, provider compared to any other platform.
Contribution to open source:
Now in DevOps open source is rising with many problems and ways for the students to contribute. There are many issues provided by the GitHub repositories of open-source communities and this is a great chance for a college student pursuing tech and nontech studies. This can help them in getting jobs offering 4x salary as given in FAANG India.